U.S. wealth inequality has widened since 1980, and the gains are increasingly concentrated not only among the rich but within the richest group itself. About six in ten Americans say inequality is excessive, yet that concern has not translated consistently into policy. Federal data show the top 1% held 32.5% of national wealth in the second quarter of 2026, up from 27.4% in 1999, while the middle 40% held 28.8%, down from 32.9%. The top 0.1% alone owns 15% of all wealth and captured two-thirds of the latest quarterly increase among the top 1%. Rising corporate profits and stock prices, especially in technology and artificial intelligence, have disproportionately lifted this group’s fortunes.
Tax rules help explain the divergence. Decades of cuts have made the tax system less progressive, and recent legislation extended cuts for high earners and corporations. The ultrawealthy benefit especially because much of their wealth is in businesses and stocks; they can borrow against shares rather than sell them and trigger taxes. By contrast, middle-class wealth is concentrated in homes and retirement savings. Other policies also shift costs downward: the expiration of health-care subsidies is expected to reduce ACA enrollment by about five million, higher energy prices weigh more heavily on ordinary households, and tariffs have raised prices on common goods. The argument is that inequality is not inevitable: taxation, spending, and other political choices have helped create and intensify it.
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