A cycle-accurate hardware simulator reproduces the Commodore 64 ASSY 250407 motherboard pin by pin, letting users lift legs, short pins to ground or +5V, pull chips from sockets, or open passive elements and then observe the resulting display, keyboard behavior and individual signal traces. The simulator uses the PCB netlist and per-pin behavior of every chip so faults are computed from circuit interactions: for example, removing A7 of the 2114 color RAM causes address aliasing that leaves the screen apparently healthy until the leg is restored, and removing the character ROM erases glyph shapes while the CPU and RAM continue. Primary purposes are hands-on learning of C64 internals without risking real hardware and guided fault diagnosis to prioritize desoldering.
Implementation converts a KiCad replica into C tables, uses floooh’s cycle-accurate cores for the 6510, VIC-II, CIAs and SID, and models glue logic, ROMs, DRAMs, color RAM and the PLA with real equations. Every pin drives nets with strength rules, contention resolution and seeded noise; floating nets drift (about 1.4V under TTL loading, otherwise toward 0V) and power faults are modeled per chip. It runs on macOS/Linux with OpenGL, offers a GUI with oscilloscope and a headless CLI for scripted faults and recording, and includes tests for 31 common faults. Limits: slow (≈30-50% real time on modern CPUs), simplified analogs (video output, SID filter, power supply and PLL) and no internal chip cell faults or net bridges yet.
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