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Phyllotaxis: An audio-reactive LED display

jagi.studio318 points48 comments
Screenshot of Phyllotaxis: An audio-reactive LED display

Jagi Natarajan built an audio-reactive LED sculpture that transforms the phyllotaxis double-spiral - the sunflower seed pattern - into a physical Voronoi-tessellated LED matrix. Starting from a Processing sketch that places radial points rotated by the golden ratio, edge data was exported to Python/CadQuery to carve merged cell geometry, subtract individual cells, and drill LED-sized holes. The geometry was split into quadrants for 3D printing and finished with a thin faceplate backed by mulberry paper for diffusion. Eighty-nine RGB addressable neopixels are soldered to a controller; a lookup table of floating-point LED positions enables shader-style code to render radial sine-wave and spiral effects driven initially by an STM32 Blackpill and a custom SPI neopixel driver.

Audio reactivity comes from an INMP441 I2S microphone and ARM CMSIS DSP routines for FFT, auto-gain and multiband energy analysis, producing patterns that respond dynamically to music. After noisy perfboard electronics, custom PCBs and a bamboo backplate were designed; a second version uses five radially tiling PCBs to match fabrication batches, though hand-soldering neopixels required hot-air reflow assistance. The finished installation runs on an ESP32 with firmware rewritten in Rust and a tiny WebAssembly-backed web interface for uploading sketches. Planned improvements include easier-to-solder LEDs or PCB assembly, a protective acrylic layer, and magnetic faceplates as preparation for a version 3.

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