Fedora 45 replaces the kernel-space fbcon virtual console with a userspace terminal called kmscon. The change removes fbcon’s kernel-executed drawbacks - security exposure that can cause kernel panics, limited bitmap fonts and poor High-DPI rendering, mismatched keyboard layouts, lack of scrolling (blocked by a CVE), clumsy mouse support, and dependence on the older fbdev interface. kmscon renders via DRM, supports freetype/unifont/psf fonts, offers basic mouse and hardware cursor support, and integrates with localectl for keyboard layout. Because kmscon uses pseudo-ttys (/dev/pts/*) and exclusive GPU access, scripts that rely on /dev/ttyN must be updated and graphical programs must be started after releasing the GPU with kmscon-launch-gui (examples: kmscon-launch-gui kmscube -c 100 or kmscon-launch-gui startx). setfont and loadkeys no longer affect the console; use kmscon config and localectl instead. Kernel messages are best read with dmesg -w or by dedicating a kmscon instance for logs.
Administration and customization use /etc/kmscon/kmscon.conf and modular packages: kmscon (unifont), kmscon-freetype, kmscon-pango (deprecated), and kmscon-gl (OpenGL renderer). Configurable options include FONT-ENGINE, FONT-NAME, FONT-SIZE, MULTI-MONITOR behavior, DPMS-TIMEOUT, NO-MOUSE, and PALETTE. Default shortcuts cover zoom, rotation, scrolling and copy/paste; echo $XDG_VTNR reveals the VT number. One or more ttys can be reverted to fbcon by masking kmsconvt@ttyN and enabling getty@ttyN. Work continues to extend kmscon to early-boot scenarios such as LUKS prompts for Fedora 46.
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