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Zero to Calc in Six Days: Inside XBOW's Chrome Full Chain

xbow.com33 points11 comments
Screenshot of Zero to Calc in Six Days: Inside XBOW's Chrome Full Chain

XBOW describes building a complete Chrome full-chain exploit in six days by orchestrating parallel AI-driven campaigns for vulnerability discovery, exploit development, and integration. Using OpenAI gpt-5.6-sol agents to search code, test hypotheses, and produce proofs-of-concept (roughly $40k in API costs), the team combined three distinct bugs to turn JavaScript in a normal tab into native code execution outside the renderer sandbox. Google awarded the chain a $250,000 Chrome full-chain VRP reward. The project emphasized modular design: each stage had a clean interface and backup routes so components could be swapped without rebuilding the whole chain.

Technically, the chain exploited (1) a Maglev V8 deoptimization bug that deduplicated a mutable HeapNumber into a shared literal, violating V8 invariants and enabling arbitrary read/write across V8’s 4 GiB pointer-compression cage; (2) a V8-sandbox-escape via Blink’s misuse of transferred ArrayBuffers, where an in-cage write produced a TOCTOU in animated WebP decoding by swapping two WebP payloads while the decoder used cached frame geometry, allowing one chosen native write outside the cage; and (3) a Crashpad memory-safety flaw where a failed read from a supposedly frozen renderer was treated as stable, enabling code execution in the unsandboxed crash handler. The write-up includes the V8 fix (materialize fresh HeapNumber boxes) and links to patches and issue numbers.

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