The central claim is that AI could reach the level of the best human AI researchers within a few years, accelerating progress so sharply that superhuman expertise across fields may follow by 2030 - or possibly much sooner. Evidence of acceleration is already visible: METR found that Anthropic’s progress on well-defined tasks doubled over a year, with AI use likely responsible for most of the increase. At Anthropic, Claude’s share of AI research and development work rose from under 1% in February to more than 26% by August; OpenAI researchers also sharply increased their use of coding agents. The rapid rise of AI mathematics - from failing basic arithmetic to solving a Millennium Prize problem - is presented as a preview of what could happen in AI research.
The key argument is that machine-learning research, unlike mathematics pursued for broad conceptual understanding, rewards practical discoveries that improve training or model performance. Many advances come from combining known ideas and testing many small variations, tasks well suited to AI systems that persistently search and connect information. The essay compares this process to how the transformer combined existing techniques, suggesting AI might uncover such combinations faster. Because AI research includes many testable tasks, models could practice and improve much as they have in competitive programming and mathematics, then generalize to less measurable work. The author’s median estimate is 2028 for AI matching top researchers, with a meaningful chance it happens in 2027 and a 25% chance it takes until after 2032; once achieved, researchers could work far faster and continuously, in far greater numbers.
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