The study examines how Reddit’s June 2023 API pricing changes and the resulting shutdown of third-party apps and subreddit protests prompted users to move to Lemmy, a federated, Reddit-like platform. It frames the migration as a test of decentralized social media: these services offer alternatives to corporate control, but can still develop concentrations of users and infrastructure, and pose challenges around learning, moderation, and sustainability. Lemmy’s rapid growth followed Reddit-related events, then stabilized, echoing earlier migration patterns seen on Mastodon.
A mixed-methods analysis combines registration data, sentiment analysis of 48,272 comments, a survey of 354 Lemmy users, and interviews with 16 purposively selected users. VADER analysis of comments from before and after the migration found broadly positive attitudes toward Lemmy and the move, alongside criticism of Reddit. Survey responses and interviews add detail on why users migrated, how they adapted to Lemmy’s features, and whether they intended to remain. The interviews also explore community dynamics, moderation, decentralization, and engagement. Together, the findings suggest that Lemmy can attract and retain committed users, while its growth also reveals a tension at the heart of the Fediverse: a decentralized structure may still rely heavily on a small number of popular instances.
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