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Node.js security advisory: Brotli decoder RCE (CVE-2026-111497)

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Screenshot of Node.js security advisory: Brotli decoder RCE (CVE-2026-111497)

A high-severity remote code execution vulnerability (CVE-2026-111497) was found in Node.js’s bundled Brotli decoder: specially crafted Brotli input can trigger an out‑of‑bounds write during decompression, enabling process-memory disclosure and arbitrary code execution with the Node.js process’s privileges. The October 21, 2026 updates for Node.js 22.x, 24.x and 26.x fix this flaw along with nine other issues, including two high‑severity TLS hostname verification bypasses. Applications are exposed when their code or dependent libraries decompress Brotli data controlled by an attacker, whether in incoming request bodies or in fetched responses.

Vercel deployed WAF rules that automatically block known exploit patterns for every project on its network but warns that WAF is not a substitute for applying the runtime patches. Immediate remediation is to upgrade any Node.js outside Vercel’s managed runtimes to 22.23.4, 24.22.1 or 26.12.1, rebuild container images and redeploy, and move projects still on Node 20 to 22.x or 24.x because Node 20 is end‑of‑life. The WAF does not protect responses fetched by functions; operators should also restrict direct access to external backends, review blocked requests in their Firewall dashboard, and follow Node.js security guidance.

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