A shift from one-dimensional barcodes to two-dimensional QR codes is underway because QR codes pack vastly more data and can be read from any angle. Invented to replace dozens of barcode scans with a single 2D scan, QR codes were released openly and now promise to replace the half-century-old UPC system that GS1 has long controlled. Driving the change are food-safety crises and regulatory pressure that exposed barcodes’ inability to track provenance, prompting GS1’s Sunrise 2027 initiative and major retailers to prepare new scanners and databases. QR codes can carry origin, ingredient, allergy, expiry, authenticity, and environmental-impact data while still supporting checkout and inventory functions.
The transition forces brands and suppliers to rework packaging, labeling, and backend infrastructure: printing the square is trivial, but ensuring accurate, up-to-date linked data is the hard part. Retail giants switching over create a de facto requirement that could leave noncompliant products off shelves; GS1 currently requires both codes to appear during the rollout. Big firms with deep resources, like Unilever, are already executing large-scale SKU updates, but many manufacturers and designers face unanswered questions about quality control, numbering, and data systems. Consumers show strong interest in QR-enabled information, yet the operational and cost hurdles mean the industry must move fast or risk disruption.
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